The article researches the problem of adaptive incentives as a significant element of an effective human resource management system of a higher education institution. The purpose of the study is to provide a methodological analysis of key aspects of team adaptation incentives using in HRM and justification of a set of measures aimed at achieving strategic goals in the field of human resource management of an educational organization. The research methodology is based on the conceptual provisions of management theory and HRM, identifying alternative approaches to resolving individual problematic components of human resource management in educational organizations. It is demonstrated that in the conditions of talent competition the focus of the system of adaptation incentives to the changing parametric characteristics of competitive socio-economic dynamics applied in HRM of higher education institution is team adaptation, which ensures the improvement of management efficiency in achieving strategic goals. The significance of the research results lies in the proposal and justification of adaptive measures that stimulate teamwork of employees of an educational organization by developing leadership and management skills, building up the system of feedback and communication, creating a favorable educational environment, etc. The implementation of the proposed activities will contribute to the improvement of HRM quality, to building competencies and motivation for teamwork.

The article analyzes innovations and trends in the framework of digital transformation from the point of view of economic, political, managerial and social spheres. The authors consider the trends of converting offline services to an online format, as well as the software and hardware support necessary for this transition. The aspects of optimizing work processes in all these areas when using information and digital technologies are studied. Conclusions are drawn about the need for the development and widespread transformation of offline services into a digital format.

In connection with the upcoming review of the Strategy for Environmental Safety until 2025, it is foreseen that changes and additions to it will be necessary in new socio-economic and political conditions. At the global level: due to the unidentified causes (natural or anthropogenic) affecting global climate change, the RF should withdraw from the Paris Agreement on Climate due to fundamentally incorrect estimates of contribution of countries CO₂ issuers in relation to the area of their territories. Because the share of CO₂ emissions per unit area in the Russian Federation is much lower than in other countries, with very low population density and dispersion over production and infrastructure. In the exchange processes on the territory of the Russian Federation, up to 46,5% covered by forests, vegetation is able not only to bind anthropogenic CO₂, but also to produce significant amounts of oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere compared to other countries. Therefore, when investing capital in the Russian economy, countries with a large contribution of anthropogenic  CO₂ per unit of area must pay an environmental rent. At the regional level, the new direction of the Strategy for ensuring environmental safety of regions should be gradually moved to the assessment of territories not by the level of anthropogenic loads on the environment, but by the amount of their assimilation potential, as an indicator of the ability of nature itself to restore the quality of the environment in natural and economic complexes; to an adaptive system of natural resources management, according to the need not to fight against emergencies, related to climate change (landscape fires, mudslides, floods and so on), and adapt to environmental changes through the systematic relocation of infrastructure and production to less affected areas.

The greening of life is a modern stage of socio-economic and social development of society. The sustainable development of the economy, technology and technology have a negative impact on the environment and lead to the gradual depletion of natural resources. The development of environmental ideas among the population of the country, the restoration of natural objects, the preservation of the natural environment, the conduct of human economic activity taking into account respect for nature – all this is the greening of life, and environmental management is aimed at the ecological reorientation of business processes and social education of a person. The article presents the theoretical and practical aspects of the greening of life in the modern economy, a regional assessment of the environmental management system is carried out, practical recommendations are given within the framework of the development of a new national project "Environmental well-being".

We consider an economic system consisting of two sectors: public (including municipal) and private. It is shown that in the structure of the economic system the public sector occupies most of the economic space. It has been established that the public sector is, as a rule, less efficient than the private sector, but is capable, unlike the private sector, of stably providing the Russian state with the products necessary to maintain national security. Based on statistical data on economic efficiency in 2023 and the volume of budget financing of the Russian military-industrial complex in 2022–2024, it was concluded that the economic model of “military Keynesianism” is being implemented in the Russian Federation. Destructive endogenous factors have been identified, including a defect in the institutional structure that reduces the effectiveness of the implemented economic model and certain problematic aspects of the functioning of a mixed economy. Some proposals have been made for the transformation of the national economy in the post-crisis period.

The article considers the institution of territorial public self-government as a form of direct implementation by the population of local self-government in the administrative-territorial framework of the Rostov region as a whole and the municipalities included in it, in particular. Territorial public self-government currently has the makings for a new round of active development, both in the changing system of Russian local selfgovernment as one of the hierarchical levels of its organization, and in the field of the urban environment, in which it acts as an important actor of change, as well as a tool in consolidating and implementing these changes.

The article is devoted to one of the key global trends of the XXI century – electronic government – an urgent and important topic for modern science and practice. Due to the ever-growing number of Internet users and the global growth of online usage, this technological form of management has been practically indispensable in recent years: All over the world, public authorities and administrations are creating online representative offices, launching digital services and processes of digital transformation of everyday life. The presented study examines the concept of e-government, the history of its origin, reveals its essence, presents various author's approaches and formulations to the interpretation of its concept. The analytical part analyzes modern criteria for the international assessment of the level of e-government development based on the UN rating for 193 countries around the world. This scientific work also presents the stages of formation and promising directions for the development of e-government in the Russian Federation.

One of the main questions that economic science seeks to answer in the field of international economic relations is the question of the impact of free trade on economic development. The article analyzes the main approaches and theories of international trade, and also examines the characteristics of economic systems involved in trade from the point of view of information theory and cybernetics, and the influence of these parameters on the management of economic development as national economies, and the world economy as a whole. In some cases, successful specialization in the international division of labor is actually achieved through measures of liberalization of trade, financial markets and capital rules. But these measures do not always produce the expected effects. Information and cybernetic interpretation of the processes of interaction of national economic systems opens up opportunities for the development of a new scientific approach to describing phenomena in the field of international trade.

In the context of growing global problems of resource using and environmental protection the development of a sustainable environmental-economic development strategy, including at the territorial level is becoming increasingly actual. The purpose of the research is conceptual-categorical analysis of ecological-economic assessment of environmental quality as a natural basis for territorial systems of different levels sustainable development, elaboration and justification of the conceptual assessment model and methods of its implementation. Methodological issues focus on how to comprehensively assess the environmental quality of the territory and how this assessment can be taken into account in the formation of a strategy for environmentally sustainable development of spatial-economic systems. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the consolidation of the theories of territorial development sustainability and environmental quality environmental-economic assessment in the conceptual model, as well as in the substantiation of tools for quantitative measurement of environmental quality, increasing the accuracy and reliability of the obtained environmental-economic assessments. The significance of the research results lies in providing decision-makers with comprehensive information on the long-term consequences of environmental-economic decisions and facilitating the transition to environmentally sustainable economic development of territories. This information can be obtained as a result of systematic application of multidimensional environmental-economic assessment tools that take into account not only the full socio-economic value of natural environmental resources, but also the spatial characteristics of territories.

Transformation and development of the economy towards greening is an important measure for different regions to address the global challenges of climate change and rising pollution levels, and a necessary pathway to achieve sustainable development. Whether it is modernization and transformation of green technologies in traditional industries or green management of the public environment, external financial support is needed to compensate for the insufficient investment of micro-economic actors. The purpose of the study is to analyze the key financial instruments that stimulate the green transformation of the regional economy, as well as an attempt to determine the directions of using these instruments to increase the effective supply of green funds and ensure their increasing role in promoting economic transformation on the path of building an ecological civilization. The methodological basis of the study was formed by analytical and comparative methods, as well as relevant works of scientists devoted to the study of the problems of stimulating environmentally-oriented transformation processes, primarily in the regional context. The results of the analysis show that, given the important supporting role of finance in the green transformation of the economy and the fact that the relevant research is still at the initial stage, the systemic mechanism of financial stimulation of the regional economy’ green transformation should be based on three elements: financial support, capital allocation and risk diversification. It is demonstrated that the development of green economy cannot be separated from the increasing innovation dynamics of "green" financial products, so it is necessary to increase efforts in the field of development and implementation of financial innovations, to provide priority financial support to key sectors of the green economy.

At the present stage of development of the Russian economy, under conditions of increasing external and internal challenges, such as sanctions and limited access to foreign technologies, there is an increasing need for the development and implementation of strategies that promote the sustainable development of small businesses. These circumstances are of particular relevance in the context of the desire to ensure economic independence and increase the competitiveness of the national economy. In this regard, this study is aimed at identifying and systematizing the basic principles of strategic management, adapted to the operating conditions of small businesses in Russia. The authors of the article focus on the theoretical foundations of strategic management, including SWOT analysis, macro-environmental analysis and strategic planning, and their applicability to small businesses. Based on an analysis of scientific literature, monographs and practical studies, the authors identified key aspects that should be taken into account when formulating development strategies for small enterprises. The article highlights and details the main practical recommendations for increasing the sustainability and competitiveness of small businesses, including adaptation to changing external and internal conditions, as well as optimal allocation of resources and innovative development. In conclusion, it is concluded that strategic planning and management, based on in-depth and comprehensive analysis, play a key role in ensuring the long-term development of small businesses in Russia.

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the organization of public property and approaches to assessing its effectiveness. The analysis of various interpretations of the economic category "property" is carried out to understand the specifics of the functioning of public property and the aspects of the organization and management of private property are studied, as a result of which the peculiarities of the manifestation of traditional property rights in the mechanism of state ownership are highlighted. Based on the identified specifics, the current and long-term effects of the sale of public property are characterized, and a criterion for the effectiveness of its management is proposed, based on a change in the structure and level of satisfaction of the needs of various groups of the population and business. It is proved that the main effective organization of public property is to preserve the functions of strategic management from the real owner – the population, which should be ensured through the implementation of privatization and the mechanism of public responsibility of authorities and business structures.

Relevance. The rapid introduction of digital technologies into economic activity has marked a new paradigm of economic analysis – the analysis of economic ecosystems. The relevance of the structural study of the economic ecosystems of territories is due to both the weak elaboration of this topic in the world and domestic scientific literature, and the practical need for the formation of scientifically based strategies for the socioeconomic development of territories.

Goal. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for mapping the economic ecosystem of the territory.

Materials and methods. The object of this study is the economic ecosystem of the territory. The subject of the study is economic relations for the development of the economic ecosystem of the territory on the basis of mapping its elements. The information base of the research was scientific publications indexed in the Scopus and RSCI databases, as well as the author's results on public management of the development of economic ecosystems. The method of logical system analysis is used as a research method.

Results. As a result of the conducted research, a scheme of a map of the industry and sphere of activity of the economic ecosystem is proposed, including indicators, participants, products of activity, development trends, assessment experts and conclusions on the development of this sphere of economic activity. An algorithm for mapping the economic ecosystem of the territory has been developed, which includes the stages of segmentation, the formation of maps of industries, the assessment of development projects and the formation of a strategy for the socio-economic development of the territory. Using the example of the development of the Tyumen region, the applicability of mapping segments of the economic ecosystem of the territory for public management of the development of various fields of activity is shown. The novelty of this study lies in the development of the author's approach to mapping segments of the economic ecosystem of the territory, which develops the theory of modeling the structure and development of elements of economic ecosystems.

The authors see the relevance of the research topic in the following: geopolitical events have led to the fact that in the eyes of the world community, Russia's national brand has lost its stability, the country's image has significantly decreased, and the attitude towards Russians from the same ordinary citizens of some countries has worsened. Research shows that all this is predetermined by the high level of subjectivity of the information that people around the world receive regarding Russia's actions and motives in recent years. Therefore, the tasks of improving Russia's media communication policy on the territory of other states, positioning the socio-economic vectors of the country's development through the prism of national branding come to the fore. In this regard, the authors have set and solved the following tasks: 1) identify the structure and content of the national brand of Russia; 2) determine the elemental composition of the mechanism for the formation and promotion of the national brand in the changing geopolitical reality.

The results of the study are that: 1) the structure of the national brand has been identified, which is multidimensional and multicomponent, but its key element is the media culture of Russian and Western media, other media that broadcast a consistent image of Russia and form public opinion regarding the key elements of the national brand, which makes it possible to position the country on the world stage, demonstrate political, economic and image advantages; 2) the elemental composition of the mechanism for the formation of the national brand of Russia has been determined, which includes: a number of indicators – cultural, social, political, conjunctural and economic, values of patriotism, trust in government and its legitimacy, social capital, communicative capital, semantic integrity, which allows launching state programs aimed at ensuring the operation of the mechanism and creating prerequisites sustainability and global positioning of the national brand of Russia. Thus, it seems possible to state that a national brand is not only a semantic reflection of the national code and identity, but also the basis for representing the socio-economic priorities and directions of the country's strategic development in the geopolitical space.

. The issues of food security of national states have become particularly relevant in the modern era of global turbulence, when geopolitical threats have generated sanctions pressure, breaking production chains, including in the agricultural sector. In this regard, the issues of food sovereignty require the search for new instruments of state policy for its preservation. The article presents conceptual approaches to the study of food security, which made it possible to identify the basic factors of ensuring it, as well as the main categories of threats. Conducted analysis of the legal framework of the concept of food security and the main conditions for ensuring it in Russia made it possible to specify 4 main groups of threats and determine options for their prevention. The results obtained became the basis for proposing directions for increasing food security in Russia.

The article analyzes the political process and formation of statehood in the DPR in the context of international law and historical background. It examines the issues of balancing the principle of territorial integrity and the right to self-determination, the evolution of representative bodies in the DPR, and the institutionalization process of the results of the independence referendum. Special attention is paid to historical, cultural, and political factors that have contributed to the region's desire for autonomy. The reasons for the escalation of ethno-political conflict and the role of state-building in protecting the rights of the population of Donbass are explored. The article emphasizes the complexity of assessing the legality of self-proclaimed states and the need to develop a balanced approach in international law to such situations.

Spiritual and cultural characteristics play a significant role in modern society. The religious factor is one of the key elements that ensure spiritual security, strengthen friendly relations between various ethnic and religious groups, and shape their self-determination. Religion is one of the driving forces of the development of civil society and even determines the degree of its intensity. Due to the increasing influence of religion on political processes, its influence is becoming extremely important for domestic and foreign policy activities, therefore, the government of any state should take into account religious specifics. The religious factor has a powerful consolidating condition in countering the development of destructive processes. At the same time, in order to satisfy personal ambitions and achieve political goals, despite the contradiction of the basic religious principles and doctrines, representatives of destructive religious trends actively use psychological methods of influence, using the faith and beliefs of their followers. The implementation of the proposed measures to ensure spiritual security in various spheres of civil society at all levels of government makes it possible to counteract destructive influences using religious beliefs. The aim of the study is to formulate the main outlines of a balanced policy in the ethno-confessional sphere and based on ideological principles that can provide conditions for agreement and unification of relations between political actors. It is precisely such ideological concepts that can act as a weighty opponent to the destructive process. In this study, methods based on rationalism, dialectics, comparative analysis, historiography were used, structural-functional and civilizational approaches were applied. The results of the research can be used in the development of conceptual documents in the field of security.

The article analyzes the place and role of political parties in the process of political modernization of the Russian Federation, in the formation of a unified system of public power and in the functioning of the political system of society. Attention is focused on the historical background and stages of the development of the multiparty system in Russia, from the end of the XIX century to the present. It is concluded that in the context of foreign policy challenges and internal transformations, Russian political parties have demonstrated their maturity and ability to consolidate society around the priorities of state policy. The process of Russia's political modernization cannot be imagined without the active participation and development of political parties, which, despite all the challenges and deviations, continue to be an important factor in strengthening democratic institutions and state sovereignty.

The article is devoted to the study of information and psychological sabotage and the «Westernization» of culture, which are considered as a threat to the mental security of modern Russia. The main focus is on considering those measures that can minimize the consequences of this threat. The purpose of the study is to develop and propose measures aimed at overcoming the negative consequences of the threat to national security, called information and psychological diversions and the «Westernization» of culture. The work uses a systematization method, a systematic method, as well as a structural approach. Mental security is presented as an important part of military security, in which the main object of attacks is the consciousness and identity of a person as a representative of a separate nation. The study provides definitions of the basic concepts, reveals their essence and role in the overall security system, suggests various initiatives to counter information and psychological diversions and the «Westernization» of culture, and also provides a list of competencies of subjects of mental security from among the institutions of government and civil society of Russia aimed at preventing the negative consequences of the threat under consideration.

The article presents the development of philosophical thought on the problem of political perception in a diachronic aspect. Dynamism and diversity in the study of the phenomenon of political perception are traced. Each epoch and each philosophical concept corrects the view of the process and the specifics of political perception. It is becoming common to think that sensory perception becomes the basis for social, social and political perception, but different concepts and different researchers place varying degrees of trust in sensory experience and the world of sensations. Political perception is always associated with cognitive activity, as well as with the emotional sphere and, according to theorists throughout human history, acts as a management tool that allows you to control the political thinking and political behavior of perceiving subjects.

This article examines the meaning and role of the Russian people unity, the role of communication in society in the state language, which is the fundamental basis of the civil self-identity of Russians. The article also substantiates the role of Russian language policy in four aspects (educational, scientific, cultural and legal) in order to preserve language as the cultural heritage of the nation in the formation of Russian civilization. The article emphasizes that the ability of the language to preserve the history, culture, and identity of the people for a long time ensures and maintains the state of national security and its spiritual unity at a high level.

This article discusses the topic of ensuring anti-terrorism security as a measure to counter terrorism. Various types of security are traditionally the subject of research in political science and public law sciences. The article examines the social relations that arise in the sphere of ensuring the national security of Russia. The purpose of the work was to establish the specifics of the impact of private legal means in ensuring security. Citizens and organizations, with their own efforts and means, ensure the protection of objects of civil rights – life, health, property. This activity differs from the implementation of the functions of law enforcement agencies not only by the impossibility of using coercive (public law) measures of influence, but also by more “narrow” objects of protection. A way for non-governmental organizations and individuals to participate in ensuring national security in general and anti-terrorism protection in particular is the use of private legal means to protect the relevant objects of civil rights. However, the means provided for by law have not been properly researched and have significant shortcomings in legal regulation. The author's new view on the problems of ensuring national security can provide the basis for conducting other private law and complex studies.

The article discusses the features of the use of digital political marketing as a special technology of political PR. The authors of the study note that digital political marketing has become a favorite method of promoting political products due to the wide opportunities provided by multimedia platforms for public and private communication on the Internet, as well as Big Data technologies, with which you can analyze an incredibly large amount of all kinds of data about users. Based on these data, the course of the political process is effectively adjusted and the political preferences and views of the online electorate are implicitly changed. The authors examine in detail the possibilities of social networks for promoting PR campaigns, analyze ways to collect data about users and note the risks posed by technological innovations of the digital age for political democracy. In conclusion, the authors conclude that in order to achieve effective interaction between political actors and citizens on the Web, it is necessary to maintain a balance between innovative methods of voter engagement and ensuring their rights to privacy and personal data protection in a risky digital era.

The article analyzes the problems of political risks and transparency of state power, paying special attention to domestic and foreign research in this area. The author points out the insufficient systematization and understanding of political risks in Russian science. Special attention is paid to the concept of transparency as a key principle of the functioning of modern government. The article examines examples of legal regulation of transparency in countries such as Australia, the Netherlands and New Zealand. The author emphasizes the importance of creating a balanced system where transparency must be combined with the need to protect national security. In addition, the article discusses the problem of "double standards" in international politics, considered as an instrument of information warfare and a means of manipulating public consciousness.

. In the article, the concepts of "political elite", "political leadership" and "deviation" were analyzed in their interrelation and interdependence, the "paradox of elites" was revealed, associated with the duality of their positioning in the system of public morality and management, provided with exclusive powers and resources to establish socio-political norms, realize their own interests, and approve practices Doublethink, transgression and arbitrariness as attributes of political morality based on the paradigm of Machiavellianism and the concept of political efficiency. Since in classical and modern concepts of administrative and bureaucratic elites, their essential characteristics and functionality are determined in accordance with the rational-legal type of domination, the main deviations of their behavior and quality occur in the plane of deviation from the system of rational-legal attitudes and rules. On the one hand, in order to prevent deviations, this focuses on the maximum exclusion of the impact of the so-called "human factor" in political management, associated with the objective tendency of the elite to isolate, distance itself from the majority, its exploitation in the corporate interests of retaining and increasing power, etc. On the one hand, in order to prevent deviations, this focuses on the maximum exclusion of the impact of the so-called "human factor" in political management, associated with the objective tendency of the elite to isolate, distance itself from the majority, its exploitation in the corporate interests of retaining and multiplying power, etc. And, on the other hand, actualizes the problems of the value component in the activity administrative and political elites, the problem of serving the interests of the majority and state strategic development goals, identifying and analyzing mechanisms and models of political governance not only on the basis of legal rationality, but also traditional public values. At the same time, the most promising model of interaction between a political leader and his followers is the constitutional model, and transformational leadership is most consistent with the tasks of parrying the mechanisms of deviation of political elites and the development of civil society in crisis transitions.

This scientific article examines the problems of electoral behavior and participation in elections of modern Russian youth. The relevance of the study is due to the important role of the younger generation in determining the future of the country. The author of the study analyzes the factors influencing the electoral activity of young people, among which the key place is occupied by the level of awareness about elections. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of information about the ongoing election campaign on the electoral activity of young voters. It is hypothesized that full information about the elections increases the participation of young people in voting. Data on the implementation of the InformUIK project in the Russian presidential elections in March 2024 are used as an empirical base. The author examines the specifics of information and explanatory work with young voters, analyzes the statistics of youth participation in voting. The conclusion is made about the importance of an integrated approach to informing young people in order to increase their electoral activity. The importance of new technological solutions and targeted voter information is emphasized. The article contributes to the study of the electoral behavior of young people and the development of effective strategies for their involvement in the electoral process.

The article examines the peculiarities of the application of methods for assessing the influence of political culture on electoral preferences. The analysis of approaches to the definition of political culture is carried out, taking into account the specifics of research related to electoral preferences. The components of political culture are identified on the basis of various approaches. The relationship between the components of political culture and electoral preferences is determined. Definitions of political elites and masses are given. The analysis of the properties of political cultures of elites and masses in Russia based on statistical data is carried out. The methods of assessing the influence of the political culture of elites and masses on electoral preferences, taking into account their properties in Russia, are proposed.

The article is devoted to studying the opinions of students with different levels of academic performance regarding the educational process. The article presents the results of a student survey on satisfaction with various aspects of education at one of the largest universities in the South of Russia – the Southern Federal University. The empirical material was collected by means of a questionnaire survey using the Russian service for creating surveys Anketolog (https://anketolog.ru/). The sample size for the Southern Federal University was 661 people. The calculation of the obtained empirical data, their statistical processing were carried out using the SPSS program, version 26.0. The conducted analysis of student assessments showed that the request for obtaining a specialty that will allow you to get an interesting and favorite job in the future is formed by all SFedU students, but students with different levels of academic performance perceive the educational process differently and determine the directions of their own development. Excellent students are focused on gaining in-depth knowledge in their chosen specialty, have a more pronounced focus on research and development, strive to develop practical professional skills through additional tools, and have a more confident position on the issue of employment in their specialty and their own demand in the labor market. Students with low academic performance are focused on gaining social skills necessary in everyday life, on communicating with peers; their position on issues of future professional development is more blurred than that of students with high academic performance.

The article presents the results of a study conducted to identify the opinions of state and municipal employees of the reunified regions on the introduction of a client-centered approach into the official communication space of social networks. The author's hypothesis is that a client-centered approach in the process of interaction between government representatives and citizens contributes not only to the formation of an open, honest and direct dialogue between the government and society, but also to the formation of public confidence in government representatives and authorities in relation to citizens. In this regard, an attempt was made to identify factors that negatively affect the client-centricity of communication and destroy mutual trust.

The relevance of this study is due to the existential challenge faced by Russian society in connection with the events accompanying the Special military operation. Large-scale military actions and unprecedented sanctions pressure, coupled with aggressive anti-Russian propaganda, have become a real test of the civic qualities of both each Russian individually and society. The current military-political situation could not but affect the course of the transformation of civil society institutions caused by the collapse of the Soviet system and prolonged to the present. The purpose of this study was to assess the level and vector of this influence, prospects and risks. Based on the data of scientific literature, sociological surveys and media content, adopting the conceptual provisions of neo-institutionalism and structuralist constructivism as a theoretical and methodological basis, the authors analyzed changes in social practices in the field of civil society manifestation. The results of the study showed that in the process of transformation of civil society institutions, several positive trends were clearly identified, associated with the growth of open interpersonal trust, readiness for dialogue with government authorities and consolidation. However, there are also several destructive trends that need to be kept under control.

Over the past quarter century, the idea of corporate social responsibility has become firmly embedded in the management activities of Russian companies. At the same time, the flagships have become mining and processing oil and gas enterprises, whose production activities can have a significant impact on the environment and human health. The article presents the main milestones in the development of corporate social responsibility practices of business and key theoretical concepts of scientists who comprehend this phenomenon. Based on a secondary analysis of empirical sociological data, cognitive practices of perception of the social role of business by the public consciousness of Russians are presented, and the ideas of Russian citizens about the priority of social business projects are compared with the declared elements of social policy of the leading economic entities of the oil industry. Recommendations on the development of hybrid regulation of corporate social policy are proposed.

Discussions about specific substantive markers of macroregional identity are gradually becoming part of spatial projections of identity and new contours of the identitarian research field. The article reveals the essence of such concepts as intangible development resources, spatial/territorial identity and macroregion. A review of the authors' publications devoted to the designated problem is conducted, on the basis of which the author argues that there is no generally accepted interpretation of the phenomenon in Russian science. Based on the constructivist approach and proceeding from the identification of the concepts of spatiality and territoriality, the author understands macroregional identity as a constructed level of spatial-territorial identification, occupying a middle place between regional and national identities, built into the identification matrix, characterized by an understanding of belonging to a macroregion, conditioned by geographical, natural and climatic parameters and historical and cultural homogeneity, which contribute to interregional integration. It is concluded that innovative practices of positive strengthening of the macro-regional level of territorial identification contribute to strengthening of Russian national identity and influence consolidation processes at the macro-regional and national levels.

This article analyzes the role of volunteerism as a crucial social mechanism in shaping patriotic consciousness and citizenship in modern society. The interconnection between patriotism and volunteer activities is examined, emphasizing their significance in strengthening social ties and societal resilience in the face of global challenges. Special attention is given to the Russian context, where patriotic education and volunteerism are viewed as tools of state policy aimed at fostering civic responsibility and unity. The article discusses various forms of volunteerism, their impact on youth and society as a whole, and offers recommendations for integrating volunteer initiatives into patriotic education programs.

The article is devoted to the study of diagnostic issues of crisis conditions, primarily in the economy. The approaches of various authors to the definition of the economic crisis are analyzed, and an approach is highlighted in which the main source of information for diagnosing a crisis situation is not economic indicators, but the results of sociological research of the business community. The results of sociological research of the business community in 2022–2024 are analyzed, and it is concluded that despite the negative impact of sanctions, most entrepreneurs do not characterize the situation in the Russian economy as a crisis. In order to increase the effectiveness of analytical support for decision-making on the development of entrepreneurship at the state level, to prevent the development of a crisis situation in the country's economy, a number of measures for the structural and institutional development of the support system for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises are proposed.

The article considers key characteristics of media communication technology in the political sphere in the context of the current geopolitical situation. The author explores the influence of modern media communication for political information. The article analyses the features of application of media communication technologies by various political actors, as well as their influence on public opinion formation and political preference. The article is of interest to specialists in the field of political science, sociology, journalism and other humanities, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in modern trends in the development of media communication technologies and their impact on the political sphere. The author of the article considers political communication as a process of transfer of politically relevant information between different elements of the political system with the aim of its subsequent assimilation. The digital factors of influence of media communications on political environment are analyzed. Modern media communication technologies provide new opportunities for political actors to influence public opinion and shape the political preferences of citizens. However, they can also be used to spread misinformation and manipulate the public consciousness, so the author points out the importance of professionalizing knowledge in this area to prevent the dissemination of inaccurate information. It seems that political actors in the digital environment need to intensify interaction with online platforms, digital services and social networks for effective interaction with the population.

In modern business conditions, the network interaction of organizations is one of the most effective forms of cooperation within the framework of the project. The ability of the network to adapt to changing factors and conditions of the external and internal environment based on the reactive management of business processes of project interaction ensures not only the achievement of project goals, but also the satisfaction of the complementary interests of all counterparties. The process of developing the author's model includes an analysis of existing models of network interaction between organizations, the study of methods and approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of such interaction, as well as the identification of key factors influencing the success of the project. The results obtained will improve the understanding of the processes of networking between organizations in the implementation of projects, as well as develop recommendations to improve the effectiveness of such interaction. The results can also be useful both for the scientific community and for practitioners involved in project management and business processes in a network context. The methodological basis of the study was the methods of comparative and logical analysis, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. As a result of the work carried out, the author's model of network adaptive interaction of organizations was formed in the conditions of decision-making by the dominant owner on the implementation of the project.

The article examines the issues of the effectiveness of the organization of business support infrastructure elements as a tool for creating conditions for organizations implementing projects necessary for technological support of the Russian economy. Thus, as part of the study, a survey of 51 support infrastructure organizations was conducted and some imperfections in the organization of existing business support infrastructure elements were identified. At the same time, the study assessed the share of imports in manufacturing industries, which is proposed to be taken into account in order to further develop the infrastructure to support entrepreneurship in Russia.

To this day, political design is the subject of academic and public discussions, the result of which is the realization of private, rational, rather than social, interests related to ideas and ideologies. To the greatest extent, this criticism affects the processes of party building. In the mass (and partly in expert) consciousness, parties are defined as institutions aimed at promoting social interests. Within the framework of such views, any emerging and developing project is considered as a de-ideologized formation, based on the rational goals and motives of its participants. Accordingly, the assessment of political projectivism in party building is an important and relevant research task and forms the purpose of this article. The methodological basis of the study was made up of systemic and neo-institutional approaches, the combination of which made it possible to consider political design as a sustainable practice, implemented in the system of political interaction and transforming the essence of modern party organizations. The study also took into account the projective approach of public administration, which defines projects as key components of political (and party) functioning. The main research methods were the general scientific principles of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, as well as the applied method of situational analysis (case-study), which made it possible to determine the significance of political projectivism in their formation and functioning using specific examples of Russian parties. The conclusions of the article are that in the processes of modern party building, political projectivism is a natural and integral process of institutional interaction. It is associated with both objective processes of transformation of modern political and party systems, as well as political parties themselves, and with the subjective orientations of political figures to obtain and maintain positions of power, based on rational planning and use of their available resources. As Russian party history shows, the implementation of party projects can have negative and positive aspects associated with the implementation of activities by such parties, which are also of a project nature and focused on working with the electorate, including those involving the solution of certain social issues.

During the period of market reform and economic opening up, China's employment policy has undergone profound institutional changes. Since 1978, in the process of building a socialist market economy with Chinese specifics, there has been a large-scale institutional transformation of the state policy of distributing the total labor force of society across territories, industries and enterprises into a policy of supporting employment through state regulation of the labor market, improving the education system and creating the institution of social protection of workers. Four stages of institutional transformation of China's economic employment policy have been identified. For more than 40 years of reform and gradual improvement over the centralized distribution of labor force, the employment policy by now organically combines the market mechanism with an effective system of state regulation of employment. It is substantiated that institutional changes in China were implemented purposefully, providing a gradualist replacement of the centrally planned distribution of labor force in the pre-reform economy by a labor market with sufficiently effective state regulation with gradual supplementation and expansion of successful rules. The impact of institutional changes on the structure of employment in rural areas is analyzed, as well as the emergence of new challenges that are associated with adaptation to the new economic system.

This article analyzes 115 cities on the territory of the Russian Federation in which one or more urban electric transport systems operate. It is determined that in the modern industry there is no single comprehensive indicator of the state of urban electric transport, which would allow an assessment of the state of systems not only in relation to their own indicators of previous years, but also in relation to other, similar systems. A comprehensive indicator is proposed that will allow a comprehensive assessment of the state of urban electric transport and interpret it in numerical terms for its application by state and regional authorities, allowing to quickly draw conclusions and make a decision on further adjustment of the functioning of the electric transport system, characterized by a relatively simple formula for calculation and does not require specific competencies for those conducting the analysis. The key indicators of urban electric transport are systematized, including those related to the operated energy infrastructure, linear infrastructure, park facilities, including technical buildings and structures for system maintenance, indicators related to rolling stock and its key technical characteristics, as well as the availability of urban electric transport for residents of the considered locality and passenger flows within this framework systems. The boundaries of the values of the final indicator have been determined, within which the state of urban electric transport will be assessed by state and regional authorities as satisfactory or unsatisfactory and requiring decisions on revising approaches to the development of the system within the framework of strategic transport planning documents.