The presented article describes the results of a large-scale project implemented by representatives of the RANEPA Law School aimed at replenishing the range of additional professional programs with expert, high-quality, specialized educational content. In order to develop such programs on a competitive basis, the jury selected 22 applicants who for several months, under the guidance of tracker teachers, designed additional professional programs, the content of which was their unique expert experience. From a research point of view, the process of managing the design of educational content in the conditions  of interaction between trackers, teachers of the Presidential Academy and the participants of the educational project themselves, who are experts in their professional activities, is interesting. As a qualitative  and quantitative result, we note the development of four unique additional professional training programs, which are implemented within the framework of the national project «Demography».

In 2019, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Communist Party of China Central Committee emphasized the "acceleration of modernizing urban social governance," which has significant theoretical and practical implications. In 2020, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Communist Party of China Central Committee further proposed requirements such as "strengthening and innovating urban social governance" and "improving the level of urban governance and strengthening risk prevention and control in mega-city  governance," pointing out the direction for the next step of modernizing the urban governance system and governance capacity. Urban social governance is an important dimension of national governance and plays  a pivotal role in the national governance system. This requires accurate analysis and clarification of  the relationship between national governance and local governance, grassroots governance and social  governance, urban governance and county-level social governance, and village governance, and promoting  the organic combination of the "system of self-governance, governance based on moral principles, and  governance by law," to truly achieve the orderly social operation of self-governance, governance based on moral principles, powerful governance by law, and orderly politics. The construction of the institutional framework and mechanism innovation of urban social governance requires the governance content and behavior  to be located in appropriate spatial areas and governance units, to flexibly and conveniently form combinations and reconstructions of governance units of different levels, types, and subjects according to local conditions.  To optimize the spatial scale of urban social governance, shift the governance focus downwards, and continuously consolidate the pivot and base of modernizing urban social governance, in order to better form  a rural-urban integration social governance system with top-down linkage, horizontal interaction, facility connectivity, and data integration, and effectively give full play to the value and function of grassroots governance units to undertake the heavy responsibility of promoting the modernization of national governance. 

Determination of a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of regional structures for managing the development of a territory is a topical issue at the federal level. Recently,  the Government of the Russian Federation, together with the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, has been carrying out reforms in the administrative sphere. The indicators for evaluating  the effectiveness of the heads of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the calculation methods, are being improved and adjusted. All this is aimed at obtaining an objective assessment of the socioeconomic state of the region and reducing the risk of distorting the data obtained. Given the trends in  the transition to the digital space and the introduction of digital platforms, artificial intelligence into human activities, it is relevant to use new tools to assess the effectiveness of regional structures, which in turn include indicators not only quantitative, but also qualitative. The problem area is the imbalance of the data array. The article considers new approaches to solving this problem area.

The regional development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation differs  depending on the specific characteristics and factors determining uniqueness. This article is devoted  to the analysis of the state of creative industries in the Southern Federal District, as well as assessing  the impact of these factors on the trends in the development of the creative sector. Regional measures  to support the creative sector in the Southern Federal District have been systematized. The current tasks of the development of creative industries in the South of Russia have been proposed and substantiated.

Modern educational determinism, its weight and qualitative dimension determine the possible contours of the dynamics of the political and managerial ontogenesis of state-building, the contours of  modifications of the intellectual potential of socio-economic systems of society. The essential characteristics of education fully correspond to the socio-political nature of the society, which is called information and intellectual, where knowledge becomes the main value of intangible assets, permanently changing the nature and interrelationships in the education system and society.  The object of the study is the political management of intellectual resources in the modern conditions of modernization of Russian education. The subject of the research is the theoretical and methodological basis for modeling political management of the dynamics of changes in the structural and functional content, organization and social status of the system of intellectual resources in the conditions of political and social transformation of Russian society. The theoretical and  methodological foundations of the study of intellectual resource management and the essential characteristics of the conceptual and categorical apparatus that influenced the institutional modification of the system of intellectual reproduction in modern Russia are considered. The theoretical and methodological study of the foundations of modeling political governance as the terminal value of changing the dynamics of the content, organization and socio-political status of the system of intellectual resources allowed a new analysis of the political and social transformation of Russian society. Conceptual approaches to the management of intellectual resources have been identified, which have diagnosed the state of political and sociological understanding of methodological problems of integrating humanitarian knowledge into state educational policy. The measures that could contribute to optimizing the management of intellectual resources, taking into account the implementation of the tasks of the national project «Education», are proposed.

The article reveals the features of the use of factoring and forfeiting for the development of socio-economic infrastructure at the city level. The principles, directions and factors of application of these tools are defined. Formed reveals the advantages of forfeiting by the exporter and importer. The forfeiting is a tool that allows to develop an anti-crisis strategy in terms of minimizing risks, since the forfeiter takes on all  the risks during forfeiting are determined. As a result, the testing of Russian experience in the implementation of factoring and forfeiting tools in the conditions of the Donetsk People's Republic will contribute to  the development of infrastructure support for the development of the city. 

An important step in the development and implementation of an organization's development strategy is to evaluate its effectiveness. In the process of evaluating the effectiveness of the strategy, both the features of the external environment, including its economic instability, and the internal features of the organization for which the strategy is being developed should be taken into account. Thus, the need for research in this area is determined by the need to form an optimal methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the developed development strategy, which will allow predicting the success of its implementation. The purpose of the study is to form an estimated combined model that allows you to combine quantitative and qualitative indicators of the effectiveness of the organization's development strategy.  The research methods are: comparative analysis, statistical analysis, PEST-analysis, benchmarking, classification and ranking, etc. The result of the study is an estimated combined model that allows you to combine quantitative and qualitative indicators of the effectiveness of the organization's development  strategy. The authors conclude that the system of performance indicators of the restaurant business  development strategy is a complex complex that allows you to control the organization's parameters  that reflect the process of its functioning. 

The article discusses the basics of crisis management in the organization. Anti-crisis management actions are divided into operational and strategic. Within the framework of the article, the human resources of the organization are considered as an important element of organizational sustainability. Employee motivation is justified as a priority area of anti-crisis human resource management and as a factor in improving organizational sustainability. The motivational system covered in the article includes tangible and intangible components. The role of individual needs in the employee motivation system is considered.

The article implements an extended interpretation of the category of rent and its types. Private ownership of a limited resource is analyzed as the basis of rental relations, as well as formal and informal institutionalization of private property. The state's rent-seeking behavior is viewed through  the prism of the creation of supranational institutions that make it possible to redistribute rental income in favor of dominants in the world economy. The creation of military conflicts acts as a kind of channel for extracting complex rent – monetary (dollar), land, military.

The article substantiates the position that one of the most important functions of civil society is the translation of public needs into state and economic subsystems. At the same time, civil society is understood as an analytically independent sphere and to a certain extent empirically separated from the state and from the market. Relying on the provisions of Richard Musgrave's concept of meritorious goods, the authors prove that the public interest is formed as a result of individual preferences learned and accepted by individuals acting in accordance with group norms and attitudes. In this regard, one of the main functions of non–governmental non–profit organizations - actors of civil society – is to establish trust relations with the public  administration sphere, on the one hand, and the economic sphere, on the other. The application of the research approach of the meritorious concept to the analysis of civil society, according to the authors, opens up a wide range for economic research that does not belong to the classical school. The article deals mainly with theoretical aspects of the formation of social needs with the participation of civil society. At the same time, the opinion is expressed that the mechanism of partnership interaction of civil institutions with the state contributes to  the effective implementation of the function of translating public needs into other subsystems of society.

The most important tool for promoting the ESG-concept is a social investment, when  the decision to finance a project is made based on what social effect its implementation is to have.  The article attempts to determine the potential of social investment through an assessment of its relevance and significance in the investment environment in the world and in Russia. The successful regional  practices of social investment are also presented and investigated. 

Westernizers and Slavophiles. The discussion between them has been going on for more than 200 years. Does Russia have its own, special way of development? The liberal-democratic model  of the Russian economy, which has been at the heart of the economy since the 1990s, has not stood the test of time. What should be the modern model of the country's development? What principles should  the modern school of Russian thought rely on when developing its own model. Is it necessary to take into account the world experience of development and in what form? 

The article is devoted to the consideration of an economic entity in the structure of modern interaction of the institutional projection of economic reality. The optimality of the dynamic development of the subject of economic activity, in a situation of neoinstitutional impact, is formed with the structural transformation and stability of specified economic relations. The specifics of the use of the institution  of ownership within the framework of institutional influence on the improvement of the economic activity of the enterprise, in which responsibility is realized in the diversification and differentiation of the manufactured product, are considered. It is shown that the transitive position of the market mechanism of  the domestic economy brings the use of the production, innovation and technological state to a new level of existence of an economic entity. 

The authors considered the issues and problems of digitalization of security systems in various areas: public, transport, information. Research has been carried out of projects for the digital transformation of the security systems of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with  an emphasis on grouping regions according to the level of activity in the development and implementation of these projects. This report provides an overview of regional practices of management systems and ensuring the safety of the population, information systems, transport systems, and the urban environment. The example of Krasnoyarsk Krai shows the processes of digital transformation of the security sphere, its problems and prospects. The factors that hinder achievement of goals of projects of digital transformation of industry «Security» of subjects of the Russian Federation have been determined. It reveals competitive advantages and socio-economic effects of digital transformation. 

This article is devoted to the analysis of the development of the industrial complex of  the Southern Federal District in order to identify the main vectors of development and determine the final object of the industrial complex of the region. The dynamics of development over several years makes it possible to determine the general trends and changes that have occurred in industrial production, to identify the subjects of the region with the greatest potential and the subjects of the regions that require additional support. This analysis determines the relevance and necessity of maintaining the existing high growth potential of the industry of the Southern Federal District in the face of external changes. 

In the context of the strategic priorities of the state program on the national spatial data system in the Russian Federation, the issue of comprehensive study of land resources from the point of view of improving their condition and correct management decision-making is being updated. The purpose  of the work is to substantiate the study of theoretical and practical aspects of land relations, to identify problems arising in the process of assigning a category to lands, their cadastral valuation and cadastral works. The article uses general scientific methods; graphical interpretation of the data to ensure the reliability  of the results of the study. Proposals are given on systematization, collection, processing and consolidation of data; provision of services in the field of state cadastral registration of immovable property and state registration of rights to it; improvement of the process of determining cadastral value in order to increase the efficiency of taxation and development of territories.

The construction industry is the basis for the development of the economic systems of the regions and the state. The article presents an analysis of the current state of the construction industry, identifies the main trends in this segment of the economy. Particular attention is focused on the issues of financial support for the activities of the subjects of the construction industry. In modern conditions,  the basic tool for attracting financial resources for the construction industry is project financing based on escrow accounts, which are characterized by certain advantages and risks for the participants in the interaction, the leveling of which is possible by improving the mechanism for using funds. The authors also considered the possibility of using additional sources of financial support for the construction industry through the use of project, corporate and infrastructure bonds, crowdlending, funds from large domestic funds, and reviving the practice of housing cooperatives. The development of approaches to financial  support will expand the capabilities of the construction industry, intensify their activities and ensure  a multiplier effect in the economy.

The article considers the main directions of financing measures of social protection of  families with children in the Russian Federation. An analysis of the financial instruments of socio-demographic policy aimed at improving the quality and standard of living of families with children was carried out.Particularly relevant is the question of the need to increase the efficiency of budget expenditures in  the field of social protection of citizens in the provision of social support measures. 

In the current conditions of the development of the Russian economy, rethinking requires planning, forecasting and modeling the activities of enterprises in the industrial sector that ensure  the sovereignty of the domestic economy. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to study and justify models that take into account the factors of the internal and external environment of the enterprise,  the dynamics of modernization processes and technological development. The article substantiates  the expediency of applying the cognitive approach to modeling the dynamics of the development of enterprises in the industries of the industrial sector of the economy. The author proposes a set of factors to  be included in the cognitive model, providing an assessment of the internal potential and taking into  account the dynamics of the external environment. 

The modern state, pursuing economic policy, is increasingly paying attention to objective trends in the development of the economy, economic relations in the reproductive process, including  in the aspect of geo-economics. At the same time, it is based on available resources and takes into account, first of all, its own economic opportunities and national interests. Hence the relevance of the problem and attention to economic, financial and legal means and mechanisms for regulating the economy, which allow solving both domestic and foreign economic problems. Today, the role of state economic policy in geoeconomics and, above all, in such strategic areas as innovative technologies, digitalization, the transition to resource-saving technologies and the country's participation in the global financial system is increasing. It should be emphasized that the state at the same time acts both as a full-fledged subject of the economy and as its regulator. 

The article analyzes the main transformational trends in the economy based on the implementation of the concepts of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. The main directions of digitalization in  the financial, industrial, trade and social spheres are identified. The article discusses modern approaches to financial management based on the application of innovations, digital technologies and the principles of sustainable development. The research uses methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, methods of systematization, generalization of theoretical aspects in the field under study. Based on the results  of the study, the systematization of modern tools and technologies of financial management in the context of digital transformation is carried out. 

The article examines the axiological problems of choosing the civilizational path of development of modern Russia, identifies the causes and problems of the emerging ideological crisis, analyzes  the ideological components of the "Pentabasis" model proposed within the framework of the "DNA of  Russia" project. According to the results of the study, it is proposed to use humanistic values to form  the worldview of young people within the framework of modern educational policy. The use of the ideological components of "Pentabasis" in educational practice will contribute to the formation of patriotism and citizenship among students, as one of the most socially active part of Russian society. 

Тhe article contains a political analysis of the implementation of the main principles of  the state youth policy of the Russian Federation at the regional level of the constituent entities of  the Russian Federation of the North Caucasian Federal District, in particular, the Republic of North OssetiaAlania (RNO-A). The characteristic properties of youth are singled out as a special social group that  requires the appropriate political and managerial attention of the state. The program-targeted efforts of the regional profile executive body of the North Ossetia-A to implement the doctrinal principles of  the Russian federal youth policy are traced. As an independent case, the content and organizational initiatives of the head of the RNO-A S.I. Menyailo on the formation of a significant information, communication and value space for interaction between the authorities and youth. Documentary empirical material is  involved, meaningful on the basis of content analysis and participant observation.

In the presented work, not only specific representatives of the political opposition in  Russia are considered, but also a number of factors describing their current state are studied. The author examines the political phenomenon of the opposition: the concept and essence, the factors that influenced the evolutionary nature of its formation, and also analyzes the opposition as a mechanism of political pluralism. The main approaches to the assessment of the opposition, three stages of comprehension are also presented, scientific approaches to the definition of this term are studied. An attempt has been made to solve an important scientific problem related to the analysis of the correlation of the types of opposition in Russia and its possible role in the short- and medium-term development of the political system of our country.

The article analyzes the actual problems of the political processes of the modern state, understanding its role and place in world political processes in the context of globalization. The article examines in detail the problems of conceptualizing a sovereign state in the context of globalization, challenges and increased conflict in world political processes. The article assesses the risks and challenges  to a sovereign state in the context of neoliberalism, highlights the role of global economic and political institutions in the implementation of neoliberal approaches and principles of global regulation. 

The article examines the processes of development and affirmation of the civilizational identity of Russia and the West from the standpoint of modern Russian political documents (the Message of the President of the Russian Federation, the Concept of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation), which determine modern conflict situations and processes at the global level in a number of aspects. It is shown that the development of global civilizational identity acts as a new format of social globalization – decentralized globalization. In relation to the Russian civilizational identity, the doctrinal origins of its soil-based model are shown, laid down in the works of N. Y. Danilevsky and the Western paradigm opposing it, which underlies the concepts of modernization and convergence of Russia according to the Western model.

In the article, the authors analyze the discourse of Internet communications in a modern open society, analyze the theoretical constructs that reveal the political potential of Internet communications, the impact of political activities of citizens on their political participation. In the article, the authors conclude that there are various models of interaction between public authorities and public communication.

Recently, in the Russian Federation, all sports activities have been under the scrutiny of both the state authorities and the public. This is due to the sporting successes of our national teams in various sports, the increased interest in the sports field in connection with the holding of international sports competitions in our country, as well as the priority importance of physical culture and sports for the health of the nation and the integration of society. It is possible to distinguish the relationship between the development of this area with the health of society, as well as the economy of the state. In recent years, the sphere of physical culture and sports has begun to play an important role in the implementation of socio-economic and investment policy on the territory of the Russian Federation. 

This article is devoted to the description of the specifics of political competition in the regions of the Russian Federation. The results of the elections to the representative bodies of 85 regions of Russia of the current convocations, broken down by federal districts, are taken as a basis. In addition, the paper gives an assessment of the mixed electoral system in the elections in the regions. It is based on the results of political parties on a single and in single-mandate electoral districts. Based on the results obtained, the difference between the obtained indicators is correlated, which allows us to give a qualitative assessment of the level of political competition within the current electoral system.

This article attempts to evaluate the resource provision and personnel potential of environmental education implemented in the organizations of additional education in modern Russia.  The authors present the results of a sociological study, carried out in the form of an expert survey of  teachers and administrators in twenty educational institutions, implementing environmental education programs. The authors conclude that the main barriers that prevents effective environmental education is the lack of a systematic approach to the organization of educational processes and the uneven distribution of resources and material and technical support.  

The authors of this article consider the sociocultural marginality of student youth in  the modern risk society as a problem property. Properties inherent in student youth: the passage of  the process of secondary socialization and the assimilation of various social functions; the problem of choosing social values and guidelines; struggle between responsibility and irresponsibility; rationality and irrationality; the impact of the information environment on consciousness; being at the intersection of the real and virtual worlds, balancing between them. The main criteria for the marginal position of student youth are: the state of uncertainty and transitivity of status positions; exclusion or partial and incomplete inclusion of student youth in functioning social and professional structures; the destructive state of previously developed social norms, the inability to follow them; anomie as a social disorganization of the risk society, which determines the behavioral strategies of young people. 

Digital transformation also affects the education system. Educational organizations during the pandemic faced a massive transition to online education and the rapid development of digital  technologies. However, along with the development of digital technologies, it is necessary to pay special attention to the development of digital etiquette. At the same time, the successful social adaptation of  foreign students largely depends on the development of digital etiquette at the University. 

The article is devoted to the consideration of volunteering and charity as forms of social  service. The authors of the work point out that social service can be considered not only as a moral category, but also as a sphere of professional activity. Turning to the practices of social service, it can be noted that they are volunteering (voluntary activity) and charity. These social practices are voluntary activities of citizens aimed at providing social and psychological assistance to those in need. Volunteering and charity unite people, solidifies them in front of a common problem, and also allows citizens to show a sense of empathy, love, altruism and social responsibility – to grow spiritually and morally and serve for the benefit  of society. 

The pursuit of personal gain in the name of the public good is a typical characteristic  feature of the moral anomie of public organizations (NGOs) in China. The root cause lies in the insufficient development of the culture of public welfare, weak self-restraint of public organizations and weak government supervision. The moral management of public organizations in modern China should not only emphasize the recognition of the value of members of public organizations for the purposes of public welfare of public organizations, improve the provision of an ethical system for public organizations and increase the cultivation of individual morality of members of public organizations, but also it is necessary  to strengthen systemic punishments and rewards for the socially charitable behavior of social organizations and use rigidity settlement systems, deterrence and direction of social and charitable behavior of social organizations. Speaking in a substantive way, it is necessary to foster a culture of public welfare in public organizations and promote leadership orientation to the values of public welfare, combining institutional punishments and incentives to promote the management of the behavior of public organizations in the field of public welfare, strengthen government supervision and promote the management of  the anomie of public welfare of public organizations, thereby contributing to the general promotion of overcoming the anomie in the field of public welfare of public organizations, as well as general advancement in other directions. 

The last decades of the last century were marked by destructive phenomena in the interethnic sphere, so it is natural to study the transformations taking place in this area. A special place in  the national sphere is occupied by ethnic identity, the forms of its existence (positive/negative), because they directly affect the nature of personal communication, form an interethnic climate, and provide stability.  The analysis of indicators of reproduction of the ethnic identity of the young generation of Dagestanis shows the priority of the signs of the national language, ethno-culture and religion. It was found that  the native language is of little importance for the surveyed Russian population, despite its importance for the rest of the surveyed ethnic formations. The author's hypothesis about the significance of the historical component and historical memory for the reproduction of both ethnic and Russian identities was not confirmed by the results of the study, in comparison with other markers, less in demand in the mass consciousness of Dagestan youth. The "control question" shows a change in the importance of integrators – "being a representative of your people" consists in knowing and following the national traditions and customs of your people with a significantly smaller proportion of those who designated the indicator "national language". Such a position in the attitudes of the interviewed Dagestani youth is due to the transformation of their linguistic consciousness and linguistic behavior, which clearly indicates destructive tendencies in the ethno-linguistic sphere.

This paper is the second part of the survey. In recent years, e-commerce in rural areas of China has been developing rapidly, which has an impact on regional development. The article explores and analyzes the issues of e-commerce management in rural areas of China. It has previously been identified that this area has problems such as backward infrastructure, an imperfect system of agricultural supply chains, and unbalanced regional development of e-commerce and conditions for its conduct. The article proposes solutions aimed at improving the management of e-commerce development in rural China.  The author recommends: a) setting a management priority for reducing the rural e-commerce gap in  various regions of China; b) develop a model of rural e-commerce and implement a general optimization scheme for the development of rural e-commerce in the country; c) organize the process of transferring experience and professional knowledge from regions with high development of e-commerce to regions with its weak use. The key management solutions for the development of rural e-commerce in China are: strengthening infrastructure; optimization of the agricultural supply chain system; improving standardization and branding of rural e-commerce goods; balancing regional differences in rural e-commerce  development. 

One of the central bank’s operative objectives is control of short-term interest rates.  It means that monetary authority maintains short-term interest rates within a specified corridor and provides their conformity to the policy rate level. Monetary policy tools, which provide liquidity and absorb  it from the interbank lending market, insure effective interest rate steering policy. In conventional times central banks implement their monetary policy in case of insignificant deficit of reserve money preserving control over money market interest rates. After the Great Recession central banks of developed countries had to bring tools of unconventional monetary policy in operation, what resulted in unprecedented growth of supply of excess reserves and expansion of central banks’ balance sheets. Basing on experience of  Federal Reserve System this article covers the issue of short-term interest rates steering within the scope of significant sustainable structural liquidity surplus on reserve money market. 

The article shows that the political system can be considered as a national innovation  system that requires modernization and has all the key parameters by analogy with the socio-economic national innovation system. Innovation processes should be provided with appropriate resources,  infrastructure, models of interaction of all actors, the request and support from the state and society,  the ideology of the value and necessity of innovation, the expertise of the value-target component of innovative transformations. The analysis of the current data of social monitoring on the topic of innovation and modernization in Russia allows us to identify positive dynamics in the formation of the public demand, demand for innovation, and, at the same time, the insufficient effectiveness of the state innovation policy. 

The article is devoted to the problem of using the tools of direct democracy in local selfgovernment in the Russian Federation. The author emphasizes the importance of direct involvement of citizens to participate in the management process at the municipal level. The article analyzes the most significant instruments of direct democracy provided for by the current Russian legislation and considers the prospects for the development of the institute of direct democracy in the field of local self-government.