Socio-economic motivations of residents of single-industry towns

Introduction. The existing programs in Russia to increase the economic diversification of single-industry municipalities (single-industry towns), aimed at reducing the dependence of economic processes on the city-forming industry, should contribute to an increase in the quality of life of the population and ensure a reduction in migration outflow. However, the main vector of development of the territory still determines the degree of economic stability of the city-forming enterprise: in single-industry towns with a stable city-forming enterprise, negative trends in socio-economic and other development indicators are less pronounced than in single-industry towns with a depressed city-forming enterprise. The most important task remains to find ways and priority options for the development of the economy of singleindustry towns.

Materials and methods. The analysis of the dynamics of socio-economic indicators of the development of single-industry towns, as well as the functioning of city-forming enterprises, was carried out on the basis of official statistics posted in the state automated information system "Management", at the preliminary request of the authors to the state development Corporation "VEB.RF".

Due to the fact that all statistical materials used are trade secrets or the data is publicly classified information, the results in this article are presented exclusively in the form of aggregated conclusions.

Purpose. Identification of significant population factors influencing migration sentiment in single-industry towns, taking into account the state of economic stability of the city-forming enterprise.

Research hypothesis. The development trends of single-industry towns are closely dependent on the degree of economic stability of the city-forming enterprise. The strategy of diversifying the economy of single-industry towns without the support of a city-forming enterprise does not have a significant positive impact on their development, and the lack of prospects for improving the quality of life contributes to increased migration of working-age citizens and motivates families with children to move.

Object of research: factors of socio-economic development of single-industry municipalities affecting migration processes in single-industry towns.

Results and conclusions. The article analyzes the existing features of the socio-economic development of single-industry towns and city-forming enterprises, presents the results of a sociological survey of residents of single-industry towns, and identifies motivational factors contributing to the formation of migration attitudes in society. Taking into account the current dynamics of changes in socio-economic indicators of the development of single-industry towns, it is possible to predict a further increase in population outflow in a significant proportion of single-industry formations, which will lead to an even greater decrease in the quality of labor resources.

1. Ivanov O. B., Bukhvald E. M. Monotowns of Russia: from outsiders to leaders of economic development. STAGE: economic theory, analysis, practice. 2017;(5):7–21. (In Russ.)

2. Fomin M. V., Smirnov O. O., Miryazov T. R. Single-industry towns of the Ural Federal District: a matrix of development risks. Issues of state and municipal management. 2022;(3). Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/monogoroda-uralskogo-federalnogo-okruga-matritsa-riskov-razvitiya. (In Russ.)

3. Ivanova M. V. The main directions of state policy in the field of economic support for single-industry towns. State and Municipal Management. Scholar Notes. 2019;(3);268–276. (In Russ.).

4. Ippolitova N. A. Spatial dynamics of the population of small towns in Siberian regions. Bulletin of higher education institutes north caucasus region. Natural sciences. 2023;1(217). Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/prostranstvennaya-dinamika-chislennosti-naseleniya-malyh-gorodovsibirskih-regionov. (In Russ.)

5. Fomin M. V., Bezverbny V. A., Shushpanova I. S., Mikryukov N. Yu., Lukashenko E. A., Miryazov T. R. Monotowns of Siberia and the Russian Far East: potential and development prospects. Issues of state and municipal management. 2020;(1). Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/monogoroda-sibiri-i-dalnegovostoka-rossii-potentsial-i-perspektivy-razvitiya. (In Russ.)

6. Karavaeva T. I., Komkova M. S., Chuzhenkova V. A., and others. City-forming enterprises of singleindustry towns: mechanisms for adapting to the risks of the first half of 2022. Moscow: CSR Foundation, 2022. Available from: https://www.csr.ru/upload/iblock/c21/gyk6ct4tf6ja99jhgzf6a08cg1v3kwmp.pdf. (In Russ.)

7. Oborin M. S., Sheresheva M. Yu., Ivanova S. A. Analysis of the results of state support and trends in the development of single-industry towns in the Russian Federation. Public administration. Electronic bulletin. 2018;(68). Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/analiz-rezultatov-gosudarstvennoy-podderzhki-i-tendentsiy-razvitiya-monogorodov-rf. (In Russ.)

8. Ivanova M. V. Demographic contraction as an indicator of the problems of single-industry munici-palities. Population and Economics. 2021;5(2):76–91. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.5.e65661. (In Russ.)

9. Turgel I. D. "Cities of companies": the past or the future of urban development. In: Russia and its regions in multi-scale integration and disintegration processes: proceedings of the International Scientific Conference within the framework of the VIII Annual Scientific Assembly of the Association of Russian Geographers and Social Scientists. (September 26 – October 01, 2017) Perm: PGNIU; 2017:441–445. (In Russ.)